标签：#war

Mach's approach differs sharply from some of its peers.

AI makes us faster, but does it make us better engineers, or just more dependent? As a follow-up...

Pagination is a key component on web-applications that let users navigate through pages making easy to read/find records. Also, pagination is a great strategy to improve performance by avoiding to load entire dataset at once. However, while working with Kaminari, a popular pagination gem in Rails, I encountered an unexpected issue that revealed an interesting edge case. Identify the issue Basically, pagination in frontend was not working properly. Datatable should load 316 total rows, although when the user started to load 15 records per page, frontend is showing inaccurate total rows. Multiple of 15 should ends at 0 or 5. There were pages with 64 records, crazy world. Some pages were loading 12 or 11 rows. There is no issues or error messages in the frontend or backend. Lost in debugging-land After discarding Angular frontend errors, I started to dig into backend controller and Kaminari configuration. Nothing seems wrong. Everything looked good: test suite, smoke tests, desktop debugging. Despite of test results, I started to wonder: what if returned-data is wrong after all? and... Bingo! Finally, after checking every response I noticed that there were duped records in two different pages(pagination requests). Those duped records were skipped from Angular data-table and that's why loaded/total rows did not match. Bingo: a sort of mistake This tricky bug has a simple explanation: bad sorting. Kaminari uses a SQL query using LIMIT/OFFSET strategy: SELECT * FROM posts ORDER BY id LIMIT 25 OFFSET 0 ORDER BY : sort the collection. LIMIT : number of records per page. OFFSET : is used to skip a specified number of rows before starting to return rows from a query. This works perfectly using ORDER BY id because primary key is unique. Check table A. id title body created_at lock 101 Welcome to the Platform First post introducing the new platform features. 2026-06-16 08:15:22 false 102 Summer Update Announcing the latest improvements and updates. 2026-06-16 08:15:22 true 103

Siri’s AI overhaul may have grabbed the headlines at WWDC, but some of Apple’s most useful AI features are arriving elsewhere in iOS 27.

The cryptographic keys that secure your computer's boot sequence will start to expire on June 24. Here's what that means for you.

Most engineering reading lists are optimized for knowledge accumulation. Modern engineering rewards bottleneck elimination. Last week, a junior engineer showed me a "Top 10 Books Every Engineer Should Read" list. It looked almost identical to the lists I saw ten years ago. The same classics. The same process books. The same assumption: Read enough books and you'll become a better engineer. That's not how most high-performing teams learn. The best engineers I know don't build learning plans around books. They build learning plans around constraints. The Problem with standard reading lists Most reading lists assume that knowledge is universally valuable. In practice, engineering value is highly contextual. A backend engineer struggling with database contention does not need another chapter on Agile. A team spending thousands of dollars per month on LLM inference does not need a generic software craftsmanship book. A startup fighting latency issues does not need a leadership framework. They need solutions to the bottleneck directly in front of them. Reading lists rarely account for this. They optimize for completeness. Engineering rewards relevance. The Shift Most Engineers Miss The fundamentals still matter. Distributed systems matter. Databases matter. Networking matters. Operating systems matter. They are not obsolete. But they are no longer sufficient. Modern systems introduce constraints that barely existed a few years ago: AI inference costs Context window limitations Agent orchestration Evaluation pipelines Semantic caching Non-deterministic workflows Model routing Human-in-the-loop systems Many traditional reading lists never touch these problems. Yet these are exactly the problems teams are solving every day. The challenge is no longer simply writing correct software. The challenge is building reliable systems on top of components that are inherently probabilistic. What Changed For decades, engineers mostly worked with deterministic systems. Given the same inp

I run a homelab with four RTX 3090s — 96 GB of VRAM, 44 CPU cores. For two weeks I tried to make it my daily driver for local LLM inference instead of paying for cloud APIs. I got it working. Then I looked at the numbers and subscribed to a paid API anyway. Here's the uncomfortable part, and the optimizations that still made it worth doing. ## The setup 4× RTX 3090 (Ampere — no native BF16), 96 GB VRAM total, 44 cores Models: Qwen3.6-35B-A3B (Q8_0, MoE) and Qwen3-Coder-Next (Q6_K, hybrid) llama.cpp in router mode + OpenWebUI Ceiling I hit: ~105 tokens/second ## The 6% problem The wall wasn't compute. GPU utilization sat at 6%. The bottleneck was CPU orchestration — llama.cpp dispatches across multiple GPUs sequentially, so the cards spent 94% of the time idle waiting on each other. Throwing more VRAM at it does nothing for this. ## What actually moved the needle | Change | Effect | |---|---| | --ubatch-size 512 | +40% throughput | | KV cache quantization (Q4_0) | 4× VRAM savings | | Speculative decoding (n-gram) | 2.5× speedup on repetitive tasks | | YaRN rope scaling | context extended to 1M tokens | Two things surprised me: MoE models tolerate aggressive quantization far better than dense ones — inactive experts don't eat bandwidth, so the quant hit lands softer. The 3B active -parameter model was great at local decisions but fell apart on coherence past ~300–400 lines of code — fine for a function, not for cross-file consistency. ## The conclusion I didn't want At ~11 kWh/day, plus hardware depreciation, against current API pricing, the math doesn't favor local for interactive work. The single biggest improvement to my daily AI workflow was paying for an API. Local still wins for privacy, high-volume batch jobs, or uncensored experimentation — but not as a general cloud replacement. It's an economics problem, not a capability one. I wrote up the full cost breakdown and the exact llama.cpp router configs on aipster.com . If you're weighing a local rig, I also benc

Most carbon footprint apps do the same thing: Quiz → "Your footprint is 120 kg CO₂/week" → Generic tips → User never returns. That's not a coaching experience. That's a guilt trip with no follow-through. For PromptWars Virtual — Challenge 3 (Carbon Footprint Awareness & Reduction), I built CarbonCompass with a different premise: Not just measure. Guide. Live demo: https://prompt-wars-virtual-hackathon-8u1kxxwh1-mithunvisveshs-projects.vercel.app/ The Problem with Existing Carbon Tools I started by looking at what already exists — Capture, Klima, JouleBug. Each of them calculates a footprint accurately. But they all fail at the same step: the recommendation layer. "Install solar panels." "Buy an EV." "Go vegan." These are structurally correct but useless for a hostel student in Chennai who travels by bus and eats at the mess. They're recommendations designed for a demographic that already has money and flexibility. CarbonCompass is built around two real Indian users: Aditi — a college student in Chennai. Bus commute, hostel mess food, shared room electricity. Her biggest carbon lever is food waste, not transport. Rohan — a tech professional in Bengaluru. Petrol car + scooter commute, air-conditioned 2BHK, frequent food delivery. His biggest lever is home energy, not diet. The same app, two users with different lifestyles receive coaching tailored to their highest-impact opportunities. That's the core product promise. The Architectural Decision That Made Everything Work Before writing a single line of code, I ran this prompt in Google Antigravity's Plan Mode: You are a senior product architect. Before coding: Generate user personas Design a SINGLE shared calculation module that the Dashboard, Impact Simulator, and AI Coach all call with the same inputs Create the data schema Propose page architecture Flag risks for a one-week build Do not write code yet. Create an Implementation Plan. The agent produced a full Implementation Plan artifact — a structured document I cou

In a world completely powered by technology, have you ever wondered what actually keeps our digital lives from crashing down? Enter the unsung heroes: system and network administration . Think of an operating system like Windows or Linux as a computer's command center, orchestrating everything from the heavy-lifting CPU to the smallest plugged-in device. To keep your data safe and your machine stable, it cleverly splits its brain into two zones: a restricted "user mode" where your everyday apps play, and a highly secure, privileged "kernel mode" reserved strictly for critical system operations. When individual computers connect to form massive global networks, the complexity skyrockets. This comprehensive guide breaks down those complex environments into simple, bite-sized concepts. Here is a quick snapshot of what we will cover: Host & OS Administration : This module covers how an operating system functions as the primary intermediary between a user and a computer's raw physical hardware. It explains how the system kernel manages critical computing processes, memory allocation, local storage file systems, and administrative tasks like security patching and automated scripting. Networking Concepts, Topologies, and Protocols : This module explores how individual computer systems connect and communicate across localized or global distances. It details the structural design of network topologies, addressing rules like IPv4 and IPv6, and the standardized layer frameworks that ensure safe and efficient data transmission. 🏛️ Part 1: Operating Systems & Host Administration 🖥️ Computer Resources and Functions At its core, every computer system is a collection of physical machinery and digital structures working together to solve problems. To understand how an operating system manages these pieces, it helps to look at the foundational puzzle blocks of a computer. This section maps out the primary hardware and data elements the system has to control, alongside a simple breakd

While it's not flashy like Apple’s new Siri AI and Apple Intelligence upgrades, there are still a number of additions to iOS 27 worth looking at.

I used to think tests were a waste of time. "Ship fast, fix later" was my motto. Until I spent three painful weeks debugging a production issue that a simple test would have caught in 30 seconds. That was the day I became a believer. The Harsh Reality Most Solo Developers Ignore If you're a freelancer or indie hacker building real products for clients, here’s what happens without good tests: You make a "small change" and something unrelated breaks Clients find bugs you should have caught Refactoring becomes terrifying You lose sleep before every deployment Your reputation slowly takes hits A solid test suite changes all of that. What a Test Suite Actually Gives You Confidence to Move Fast You can refactor, add features, or upgrade dependencies without fear. Living Documentation Your tests explain how the system should behave — better than comments ever could. Early Bug Detection Catch issues before they reach the client or production. Better Architecture Writing testable code forces you to write cleaner, more modular code. Professional Credibility When clients or senior devs review your code, a good test suite immediately signals seriousness. The Test Suite Pyramid I Actually Use Unit Tests (70%) → Test individual functions and components Integration Tests (20%) → Test how different parts work together (API + DB) End-to-End Tests (10%) → Critical user flows (login → checkout → etc.) I don't aim for 100% coverage. I aim for high-value coverage — especially around business logic and critical paths. Final Thought Writing tests feels slow at first. But it compounds. Every month you have tests, you move faster and sleep better. The developers who ship reliable software consistently aren't necessarily the smartest — they're usually the ones who learned to respect testing. Have you built a strong test suite habit yet? Or are you still in the "I'll test it manually" phase? Drop your experience below. Let's talk.

Working with AI Means Thinking More, Not Less Yes, this text is long. Yes, it repeats itself in places. I did not clean that up. A text that sounded too smooth while arguing that AI forces you to think more, not less, would be at least slightly dishonest. This is not fast food for quick consumption. And yes, don’t worry: you won’t hear anything especially new here. That is part of the problem too. There is a popular and very seductive story about AI in software development. Now that the machine can write code, the human gets to think less. You just point it in the right direction, and the model will quickly and cheaply do a significant part of the work on its own. In that picture, AI is primarily an accelerator for code production, and human thinking gradually shifts from necessity to optional extra. I keep feeling more and more strongly that this description is dangerously wrong. A more accurate formula for my own experience right now is this: I’m the tech lead, the AI is the entire team in one body . And if you take that metaphor seriously, the conclusion is the exact opposite of the mainstream narrative. Working with AI is not a way to think less. It is a mode in which you need to think more, not less . Not because the AI is bad. But because it is too good at one very treacherous thing: it confidently and smoothly fills in what was left unsaid. I’m the tech lead, the AI is the team At first this metaphor felt like a neat formulation. Now it feels like a literal description of what is going on. If you treat AI as a very fast and very capable executor, a lot of things become clearer immediately. It really can wipe out months of routine work. It can spin up prototypes quickly, take over test scaffolding, try out alternatives, make local edits, help break a task into parts, and sometimes even suggest a decent direction. On the surface, this really does look like a silver bullet. Especially if the human knows the stack and can read code. The pace becomes so extreme th

A working prompt library is the main event, not an appendix. The industry still treats prompts as some half-baked spitball left in a README, or, worse, a plaintext blob stapled to package.json and forgotten. That's a waste of compute and credibility. What powers reliable AI-assisted refactoring, onboarding, or even next-gen code IDEs is not the size of the model but the clarity and context supplied by the actual, shipped prompt set. OTF kits turn this lesson into a repeatable deliverable: every paid template includes 20+ production-tested prompts tied to the real file structure, component API, and product-specific conventions. This is not a suggestion; it's structural. The takeaway: a real prompt library is as important as your component library. Treat it like one. Start with the pain: why blank chat boxes don't scale The web is full of “integrations” that paste a blank chat input over your codebase and call it an “AI coding assistant.” The result: hallucinated function names, invented conventions, broken import paths. Here’s what happens in real life: Dev: "Add a social login button." AI (blank prompt): "Sure! Insert <SocialLoginButton> in your LoginScreen.js." Dev: (There’s no such component. There's not even a LoginScreen.js.) Short: A generic prompt with zero context simply can't know your conventions, files, or patterns. The agent will either fail, hallucinate, or pepper you with clarifying questions you have already answered in your product architecture. Takeaway: Prompting without context is coding without types — fragile guesses instead of structured outcomes. What a first-class prompt library enables When the prompt library ships with the codebase, it looks like this: Every prompt knows the folder structure (e.g., features/auth , screens/Settings/index.tsx ). Conventions are hard-coded: naming, import styles, design token usage. Endpoints and integration points (e.g., “update the Stripe webhook handler in api/webhooks/stripe.ts ”) are spelled out. The promp

French serial entrepreneur and open-source legend Jean-Baptiste Kempf has been building Kyber, an infrastructure layer to control remote devices in real time.

Every developer who has ever muttered "there is a bug in this" is repeating a word with a surprisingly literal origin. On September 9, 1947, the operators of the Harvard Mark II, an early electromechanical computer, traced a malfunction to its source and found something they did not expect: a moth wedged inside Relay #70. They removed the insect, taped it into the operations logbook, and wrote a now-famous line beside it: "First actual case of bug being found." That page, moth and all, survives today in the collection of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. It is one of the best-loved stories in computing, and like most good stories it is a little more complicated than the popular version. Worth getting right, because the discipline it gave us is the same one behind every connected device we build. What actually happened in 1947 The Mark II was a room-sized machine built from relays, switches, and thousands of moving parts. When a moth flew into one of those relays, it physically interfered with the contacts and caused a fault. The technicians who found it had a sense of humor: calling it the "first actual case of bug being found" was a joke precisely because engineers had already been using "bug" for years to describe mysterious faults in machinery. Thomas Edison used the term in his notebooks back in the 1870s. So the 1947 moth did not invent the word "bug." What it did was give the term a perfect, photographable origin story, and it cemented the companion word that really matters: debugging. The act of removing that moth was, quite literally, de-bugging the computer. The Grace Hopper connection The story is almost always told with Grace Hopper at its center, and that deserves a small correction. Hopper, a pioneering computer scientist who later helped develop COBOL, was part of the Mark II team in 1947, but the evidence suggests she did not personally find the moth or write the logbook entry. What she did do was tell the story, brilliantly and o

What’s the most cliche possible gift you can give a relative? A digital photo frame, displaying a rotating slideshow of family photos. Now Aura has completely refreshed this product space with its gorgeous Aura Ink frame, which uses e-ink to create a display that doesn’t even look digital. Digital frames have always been so popular […]

Hey dev.to community! 👋 Over the last few months, juggling my roles as a Project Manager, Scrum Master, and lead for QA, Support, and Documentation has been a wild ride. The sheer speed of "vibe coding"—a paradigm shift where the primary role of the developer transitions from manual code construction to high-level intent orchestration—is incredible. Tools like Cursor, Replit Agent, and Google Antigravity allow us to scaffold entire microservices in minutes. However, while this transition offers unprecedented generative velocity, it introduces systemic risks concerning architectural integrity, long-term maintainability, and security. That’s why I’m sharing Cronos (Version 2.0) : a new, strategic methodology I’ve formalized for human-validated vibe coding and agentic software engineering. Real-World Testing & The Multi-Track Approach We have been rigorously testing this framework with our team over the last three months. The empirical results have been fantastic, tracking closely with the framework's theoretical efficiency models to deliver an almost 4x gain in productivity. To maintain production stability while achieving this speed, we adopted a multi-track approach. We continue to use standard Scrum for our maintenance track, which handles smaller tasks, support requests, and standard bug fixes. Meanwhile, Cronos is deployed exclusively for our parallel feature track, tackling larger Epics and new feature development. This ensures production stability does not stall innovation velocity. What is Cronos? The genesis of Cronos lies in the recognition that traditional Agile methodologies often fail to keep pace with the collapsed feedback loops of AI-driven development. In the current agentic era, the bottleneck has shifted from implementation to validation and strategic alignment. Cronos reconfigures the software development lifecycle (SDLC) around one-week "Cycles". Each cycle is a burst of high-intensity, AI-augmented creation coupled with a fixed duration of human

A field guide to the practice that's reshaping how software gets built with AI agents. TL;DR — Spec-Driven Development (SDD) makes a precise, executable specification the source of truth and treats code as a generated, verifiable artifact. The spec declares intent ; the code realizes it. In 2026 it went mainstream because AI agents are great at writing code and terrible at guessing what you meant. Jump to: Why now · Specs vs. executable specs · Maturity model · Workflow · Tooling · EARS · Worked example · Caveats · Bottom line Why now? The "vibe coding" backlash The movement defines itself against "vibe coding" — the term Andrej Karpathy popularized in early 2025 for loosely prompting an AI and shipping whatever comes back. Vibe coding is great for throwaway prototypes and miserable for anything that has to be maintained. SDD is the disciplined counterweight: if AI writes most of the code, then the specification becomes the highest-leverage artifact a human produces . The skill that matters shifts from typing the implementation to defining the intent precisely enough that a machine can't get it wrong. Raw specs vs. executable specs This is the single most important distinction in the whole topic — and the one most "SDD explainers" skip. Traditional design docs SDD specs Read by Humans Humans and agents Enforcement Advisory — devs may diverge Executable — tests fail on drift Lifecycle Goes stale, becomes archaeology Living, continuously validated Lives in A wiki nobody opens The repo + CI/CD "Traditional specs are read by humans, while SDD specs are executed as BDD scenarios, API contract tests, or model simulations." — Deepak Babu Piskala, Spec-Driven Development: From Code to Contract in the Age of AI Coding Assistants (arXiv, Jan 2026) [2602.00180] Spec-Driven Development:From Code to Contract in the Age of AI Coding Assistants The rise of AI coding assistants has reignited interest in an old idea: what if specifications-not code-were the primary artifact of softw

Pre: What is BlockSocial? BlockSocial is the ultimate social network for developers, bringing the energy of short-form video to the world of open source. Think of it as Facebook meets Instagram—a place to showcase your code, find inspiration, and build your developer brand through "Reels" and interactive dashboards. Github link: https://github.com/Hfs2024/BlockSocial 1. User Scenario & Workflow (The Fork System) The Setup User A : Publishes a post saying: "I love drinking Pepsi every day." User B : Is shy, but wants to tell their friend this is an unhealthy habit. User C : Is a malicious user who gossips. The Fork Mechanism User B creates a fork to discuss this post with User C via the POST /api/share endpoint. Data Copying : It copies the entire post contents except comments, likes, reports, and downloads. Chain Prevention : You can fork a forked post, but the system will fork the original source root, not the fork itself. Scope : It shares with only one user at a time to prevent unexpected group creation. Database Payload for Forks The following fields are appended to the document structure: { "share" : true , "shareId" : "post._id" , // The original post ID "sharedBy" : "req.currentUser.username" , // The user who shared or forked "shareTo" : "shareTo" , // The friend receiving the share "shareComment" : "comment || ''" // A quick comment on the post } Moderation & Enforcement Workflow If User C breaks trust and leaks the conversation, User B can report them via the POST /report/user endpoint. Verification : Administrators review interaction history to verify the violation. Account Termination : Bad users receive a permanent lifetime account ban. Data Scrubbing : All associated messages from the malicious user are removed. Blacklisting : The account is fully banned. The Blindspot : Face-to-face interactions remain outside system moderation boundaries 😅 2. Technical Implementation Details Dynamic Comment Identity Logic When a user submits a comment via POST /api/c

A few months ago, I was overwhelmed by everything happening in AI. Every week there was a new coding assistant, a new workflow, or someone claiming they built an app in just a few hours. It felt like if you weren't keeping up, you'd be left behind. I tried almost everything. Cursor. ChatGPT. Claude Code. Lovable. At first, I kept switching between tools, hoping one of them would magically make me a better developer. It didn't. The biggest lesson I learned wasn't about choosing the best AI tool. It was learning how to work with AI. These days, I don't start by asking AI to write code. I start by explaining the problem. I describe the feature, the business requirements, the edge cases, and what I want the final result to look like. Sometimes I ask ChatGPT to help me plan the implementation first. Once everything is clear, I pass that plan to an agentic coding assistant and start building. That one change made a huge difference. I spend less time writing boilerplate and more time thinking about architecture, user experience, and solving the actual problem. AI still gets things wrong, so I review everything before it goes into production. But instead of writing every single line myself, I'm guiding the process. Looking back, the first few months were the hardest. Now it just feels normal. The tools will keep changing, but I think the real skill is learning how to communicate with AI and use it as part of your development process. That's something worth investing in.