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When people think about delays in Building Management System (BMS) projects, they usually blame installation issues, communication failures, or commissioning problems. In reality, many delays begin much earlier. They start during engineering. Before a single controller is installed, engineering teams spend significant time reviewing I/O lists, selecting controllers, designing panels, preparing wiring documentation, planning network architecture, and coordinating procurement. These activities are essential, but they are also repetitive, manual, and prone to errors. As modern buildings become larger and more connected, traditional engineering workflows are struggling to keep up. The Hidden Cost of Manual Engineering A typical BMS project may contain hundreds or even thousands of points: Temperature sensors Humidity sensors Pressure transmitters VFD controls Damper controls Pump status points AHU controls Chiller interfaces Each point must be reviewed, categorized, mapped, documented, and connected to the correct controller. While this process is necessary, it creates a bottleneck that often goes unnoticed. A small mistake in controller sizing or wiring documentation can trigger a chain of revisions, procurement changes, and commissioning delays. The result is a project schedule that slowly expands before installation even begins. Why Traditional Workflows Don't Scale The challenge isn't engineering knowledge. The challenge is repetition. Engineering teams repeatedly perform similar tasks across projects: Reviewing I/O schedules Selecting controllers Allocating points Generating documentation Creating wiring drawings Verifying network configurations As project complexity increases, the amount of repetitive work increases as well. This leads to: Longer engineering cycles Increased project costs More documentation reviews Greater risk of human error The Shift Toward Engineering Automation Many industries have already embraced automation in design and manufacturing. Build

Building AI Agents That Don't Hallucinate: Structured Workflows, Guardrails, and Per-Step Evaluation How we replaced fragile prompt chains with typed schemas, validation gates, and evaluation at every step — 94% task success vs 60% baseline The Prompt Chain Trap January 2024. We built a "research agent" — 12 prompts chained together: Decompose question → 2. Search planning → 3. Execute searches → 4. Extract facts → 5. Synthesize → 6. Fact-check → 7. Format → ... It worked 60% of the time. The other 40%: Step 3 returned malformed JSON → Step 4 crashed Step 5 hallucinated citations → Step 6 missed it Step 7 output wrong format → Downstream consumer failed No visibility into which step failed Debugging meant reading 12 LLM calls' worth of logs. Adding a step broke three others. The Shift: Agents as Typed Workflows We moved from prompt chains to structured workflows with: Pydantic schemas for every step input/output Guardrails that validate and auto-retry Explicit state machine (not implicit chaining) Evaluation harness per step (not just end-to-end) ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ Decompose │──▶│ Search │──▶│ Extract │──▶│ Synthesize │ │ Question │ │ Planning │ │ Facts │ │ Answer │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ In: Query │ │ In: Plan │ │ In: Results │ │ In: Facts │ │ Out: SubQ[] │ │ Out: Steps │ │ Out: Fact[] │ │ Out: Answer │ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ │ │ │ │ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ [Schema] [Schema] [Schema] [Schema] [Guardrail] [Guardrail] [Guardrail] [Guardrail] [Eval: 0.9] [Eval: 0.85] [Eval: 0.9] [Eval: 0.95] Core Abstractions # agent_eval/schemas.py from pydantic import BaseModel , Field from typing import Literal , Any class DecomposeInput ( BaseModel ): user_query : str context : dict = Field ( default_factory = dict ) class DecomposeOutput ( BaseModel ): sub_questions : list [ str ] = Field ( min_length = 1 , max_length = 5 ) requires_tools : bool reasoning : str class PlanInput ( BaseModel ): sub_questions : list [

After spending countless hours designing, coding, debugging, and improving every little detail, I'm excited to share my personal portfolio with the developer community! 🌐 Live Website : https://didulagamage.pages.dev/ I'd Love Your Feedback ❤️ If you have a few minutes, I'd really appreciate it if you could visit my portfolio and share your thoughts. Your feedback helps me become a better developer. Thanks for reading! 🚀

Two posts ago I said I'd shipped code I never read. It's easy to write that as a general observation about the industry. It's less comfortable to go open your own repo and count. So I did. Here's what I found, and what I've actually done about it. The repo It's a desktop app I built for my own company. Roughly fourteen thousand lines of Python, a Tkinter UI, invoicing and documents and reports, the kind of internal tool nobody else will ever see. I had never written Python before I started it. I built it anyway, with a lot of AI help, learning as I went. That combination - no prior experience, heavy AI assistance, a real deadline because the business actually needed the thing - is basically a diff debt factory. I wasn't cutting corners on purpose. I just didn't have the knowledge to evaluate half of what I was merging, and it worked, so I moved on. What I actually found The clearest example took me months to notice. Five different parts of the app generate PDFs. Quotes, proformas, reports, petitions, heat treatment certificates. Every one of them was failing, in different ways, at different times, and I kept fixing them individually. Different error, different module, different patch. The actual cause was one thing: LibreOffice wasn't installed on the machine. Every one of those modules quietly depended on it to do the document conversion. Not one of them said so anywhere. I'd merged that dependency five separate times without ever registering that I'd taken it on. That's diff debt in its purest form. The code wasn't messy. It wasn't badly written. It just made an assumption I'd never read, and I paid interest on it five times over before I understood the principal. There were smaller ones too. A path handling bug that only showed up because my Windows username has a Turkish character in it - the code assumed ASCII and nobody, including me, had thought about it. Two Python versions installed side by side, quietly fighting. A stray quotation mark in my system PATH th

I spent a week using video editing Skills to build a video editing Agent. It feels amazing! It can automatically edit a 30-minute video in just 10 minutes. Video editing Agent demo: automatically editing a 30-minute video in 10 minutes. I often use CapCut to edit talking-head videos, but after using it for a long time, I found several problems. Problem 1: Smart talking-head editing does not understand meaning Because it cannot understand the meaning, it sometimes fails to identify repeated sections. If I speak continuously for 20 or 30 minutes, editing the video myself becomes exhausting. Problem 2: The subtitle quality is poor The automatically generated subtitles contain many incorrect words and typos. So I used the Skills feature in Claude Code to build a video editing Agent. The fundamental difference is simple: CapCut vs. Agent: a fixed tool vs. an adaptive assistant. The key difference is: CapCut = fixed tool + manual operation Agent = adaptive system + automatic learning I am not replacing CapCut with a better algorithm. I am replacing it with a system that can continuously improve itself. But that is not even the most impressive part. The most impressive part is this: the more I use it, the better it understands me, and the faster it becomes. Three Core Designs 1. Agent Logic It only takes four steps. Video editing Agent workflow: from the video file to the final video. 2. The Skills System At first, I put every function into one large Skill. I had to add instructions to distinguish between different tasks, which was very inconvenient. Now I have separated the five core video editing tasks into five independent Skills and placed them in the .claude/skills/ directory. This makes the structure clearer and the tasks easier to select. When I enter /v , Claude Code automatically lists the five available Skills. The list of five independent Skills. I select one, and the AI runs that Skill. Simple, right? A manual task that used to take 10 minutes now only requires

Remember Tamagotchis? Those little egg-shaped keychains from the 90s with a pixelated pet that got hungry, got sad, and, if you were a negligent eight-year-old like me, got dead during math class. I've been looking for an excuse to play with the Waveshare ESP32-S3 Touch AMOLED 1.8" , a $30 board with a gorgeous 368×448 AMOLED touchscreen, an accelerometer, a microphone, and a speaker. And I found one: I'm building a Tamagotchi. But with a twist that makes it worth a four-article series The pet's body lives on the device. Its brain lives in AWS. The device renders an adorable pet and captures your taps and shakes. But its hunger, mood, and energy are rows in DynamoDB. It gets hungry overnight because EventBridge Scheduler says so. And, my favorite part (and because it's 2026, we can't not have genAI in a project 🤪), every morning it fetches the AWS news, has Amazon Bedrock rewrite them in its own squeaky personality, and reads them to me out loud through Amazon Polly. A Tamagotchi with a job. In this series, I will walk you through the whole build: This article : the architecture, and connecting the ESP32-S3 to AWS IoT Core (the pet's nervous system). Part 2 : giving it a face: animations and touch with LVGL on the AMOLED. Part 3 : the serverless brain: Lambda, DynamoDB, and a pet that gets hungry while you sleep. Part 4 : Bedrock + Polly: my Tamagotchi reads me the AWS news. ⚠️ Reality check before you get too excited (sorry 😅): this is a hobby project, not a product. You'll need the specific Waveshare board (or the patience to adapt the code to yours), an AWS account, and a USB-C cable. The AWS bill for the whole series is well under a dollar a month, but it is not zero, and neither is the time you'll spend staring at idf.py monitor . Worth it, though. All the code lives in this repository . Each article has its own branch. For this one, git checkout article-1 . Why put a pet's brain in the cloud? Fair question. The original Tamagotchi ran on a chip with less power

Event-Driven Architecture (EDA) is one of the most popular approaches for building scalable distributed systems. Instead of tightly coupling services through synchronous APIs, services communicate by publishing and consuming events. It sounds perfect. Until your consumers start making API calls for every event they receive. At that point, you've reintroduced the very coupling Event-Driven Architecture was supposed to eliminate. This is where Event-Carried State Transfer (ECST) comes in. The Hidden Problem in Event-Driven Architecture Imagine an e-commerce platform. A customer places an order. The Order Service publishes an event: { "event" : "OrderCreated" , "orderId" : "ORD-10234" } Several services subscribe to this event: Inventory Service Notification Service Analytics Service Shipping Service Billing Service Everything looks asynchronous. But here's what actually happens. Order Created Event │ ▼ Inventory Service │ GET /orders/ORD-10234 │ Order Service Notification Service does the same. Analytics Service does the same. Shipping Service does the same. Suddenly, one event generates dozens of synchronous API calls. Congratulations, You've Recreated a Monolith Your architecture now looks like this: Order Service ▲ ┌───────────┼───────────┐ │ │ │ Inventory Shipping Notification │ │ │ └───────────┼───────────┘ API Requests Although events are being used, every consumer still depends on the Order Service. If the Order Service is unavailable: Notifications fail Inventory updates fail Analytics stop processing Shipping cannot continue The event broker isn't the bottleneck anymore. The originating service is. Event-Carried State Transfer Solves This Instead of publishing only an identifier, publish the data consumers actually need. Instead of this: { "event" : "OrderCreated" , "orderId" : "ORD-10234" } Publish: { "event" : "OrderCreated" , "orderId" : "ORD-10234" , "customerId" : "USR-1001" , "customerName" : "John Doe" , "totalAmount" : 249.99 , "currency" : "USD" , "i

Optimizing RAG at Scale: Chunking, Retrieval, and the Bayesian Search That Cut Latency 40% How we moved from "semantic search + hope" to a measured, tunable retrieval pipeline with 95% recall@10 The RAG Reality Check Everyone ships RAG the same way: chunk by 512 tokens, embed with text-embedding-3-small , top-k=5, stuff into context. It works for demos. Then you hit production: Legal contracts: 512 tokens splits clauses mid-sentence API docs: 1000-token chunks drown signal in noise Customer tickets: Conversational context needs overlap, not fixed windows Latency: 500ms embedding + 200ms vector search + 300ms LLM = 1s+ per query We rebuilt our retrieval layer from first principles. Here's what actually moves metrics. Chunking: One Size Fits None # rag/chunking.py from abc import ABC , abstractmethod from dataclasses import dataclass @dataclass class Chunk : text : str metadata : dict token_count : int chunk_id : str class ChunkingStrategy ( ABC ): @abstractmethod def chunk ( self , document : str , metadata : dict ) -> list [ Chunk ]: ... class FixedTokenChunker ( ChunkingStrategy ): """ Baseline. Good for homogeneous content. """ def __init__ ( self , chunk_size = 512 , overlap = 50 ): self . chunk_size = chunk_size self . overlap = overlap class RecursiveChunker ( ChunkingStrategy ): """ Respects structure: markdown headers, code blocks, paragraphs. """ def __init__ ( self , separators = [ " \n ## " , " \n ### " , " \n\n " , " \n " , " " ], chunk_size = 512 ): self . separators = separators self . chunk_size = chunk_size class SemanticChunker ( ChunkingStrategy ): """ Uses embedding similarity to find natural boundaries. """ def __init__ ( self , model = " text-embedding-3-small " , threshold = 0.7 ): self . model = model self . threshold = threshold class AgenticChunker ( ChunkingStrategy ): """ LLM decides boundaries. Expensive but highest quality for complex docs. """ def __init__ ( self , model = " gpt-4o-mini " ): self . model = model Our production config by

The short answer is: while OpenAI Sora offers unmatched visual quality and physics rendering, it remains restricted behind a paid subscription structure. For creators who want a completely free, unlimited AI video generator, the newly released open-source LTX Desktop app by Lightricks allows you to run the LTX-2.3 video model locally on your own computer with zero usage costs or filters. The AI Video Paywall Frustration If you have tried building AI video content for YouTube, TikTok, or social marketing, you know how expensive it is. Platforms like Runway Gen-3 and Luma Dream Machine charge by the second. A simple five-second clip can cost up to fifty cents in API credits, making creative experimentation almost impossible for solo developers. OpenAI Sora is a powerhouse, but its high computational overhead means it will likely remain a premium, paid tool for the foreseeable future. To bypass this, our dev team set up the new open-source LTX Desktop application on our local workbench to see if local video generation is actually viable for production. Here is our hands-on review. |---|---|---|---| | OpenAI Sora | Closed Cloud | None (Paid Plan) | Cloud-Only | Cinema-grade physics, long multi-action shots. | | Runway Gen-3 | Closed Cloud | Daily Free Credits | Cloud-Only | Cinematic camera pans, high texturing quality. | | Wan2.1 | Open Weights | Free Hugging Face Spaces | 16GB VRAM (Local) | Photorealistic human movement, natural lighting. | | LTX-2.3 | Open Weights | LTX Desktop (Free) | 8GB VRAM (Local) | Fast generation speeds, local desktop interface. | Running Video Models Locally: The LTX Desktop Solution LTX Desktop, developed by Lightricks, is a standalone, open-source desktop application that lets you run their LTX-2.3 video generation model on consumer-grade graphics cards. Why LTX Desktop is a Game-Changer Low VRAM Footprint: Unlike HunyuanVideo or Wan2.1 which require massive 16GB-24GB VRAM cards to compile locally, LTX-2.3 is highly optimized and runs com

Members of the Army received an email informing them that they were rapidly depleting their AI tokens, and needed to limit use.

Once a quirky bastion of amateur vulva jewelry and pet portraits, Etsy is now deluged with mass-produced goods and AI knockoffs. Some customers don’t seem to mind.

One identity layer for your customers, APIs, and agents Discussion | Link

GitLab has released version 19.2 of its DevSecOps platform, adding agentic automation aimed at the security and review work that has piled up as AI coding tools generate more code than developers can check by hand. The release, announced on 16 July 2026, brings four features out of beta or into public beta: Dependency Scanning Auto-Remediation, Security Review Flow, GitLab Duo CLI and Custom Flows By Matt Saunders

If you are a fellow blogger or web developer looking to build a high-performance, developer-friendly,...

Welcome to this week's Top 7, where the DEV editorial team handpicks their favorite posts from the...

All-in-one AI Platform for Teams Discussion | Link

OpenAI and Hugging Face share early findings from a security incident during AI model evaluation, highlighting advanced cyber capabilities and lessons for defenders.

So I built a Chrome extension that does one very stupid thing: it waits a random amount of time, then screams at you like a goat if you don't dismiss the notification fast enough. Simple idea. Should've been a simple build. It was not, because Manifest V3 said no. The plan was easy, in my head Here's what I thought I needed: chrome.alarms to fire at a random interval chrome.notifications to show a "you good?" popup If the user ignores it for 60 seconds, play a goat sound Step 3 is where things fell apart. Because in Manifest V3, your background script isn't a persistent background page anymore — it's a service worker. And service workers have the audio capabilities of a rock. No Audio() object. No Web Audio API. Nothing. You can't just do new Audio('goat.mp3').play() and call it a day, because there's no DOM for it to live in. I found this out the way everyone finds out things in MV3: by writing the obvious code, watching it silently fail, and then spending 20 minutes wondering if I'd misspelled "goat." Enter: the offscreen document Chrome's answer to "service workers can't do X" for a bunch of X's (audio playback included) is the offscreen document API . It's exactly what it sounds like — a hidden HTML page that exists purely so your extension has something with a DOM, so it can do DOM things. In my case, playing an mp3 of a goat losing its mind. The flow ends up looking like this: service worker (background.js) → creates an offscreen document if one doesn't exist → sends it a message: "play the sound" offscreen.html/offscreen.js → has an <audio> tag → actually plays the sound → closes itself when done It's a little bit like hiring a stunt double because the main actor (your service worker) isn't allowed near water. The offscreen document does the wet work, then goes home. Rough version of what that looks like in code: // background.js async function playGoatSound () { if ( ! ( await chrome . offscreen . hasDocument ())) { await chrome . offscreen . createDocument

I’m 14 and I got tired of spending hours (sometimes days) setting up new machines. Different distros, different package managers, fragile shell scripts, no rollback. So I built Nexus — a cross-platform environment provisioning engine. One command turns a fresh OS into a fully productive development machine. The Problem Setting up a dev machine is painful: Hundreds of Linux distros with different package managers (apt, pacman, dnf, apk). Shell scripts break easily with no rollback or state management. Tools like Ansible are overkill for laptops. Docker doesn’t configure your host. Dotfile managers don’t install dependencies. Result: Developers lose dozens of hours per year on setup issues. What Nexus Does One static Go binary. Detects your OS, chooses the right package manager, applies declarative YAML profiles, and handles everything with security gates and rollback. No scripts. No manual steps. Works on Linux and Windows (with WSL2 support). Standout Features Cross-distro support — apt, pacman, dnf, apk behind one interface. 7-step orchestrator with rollback — PreFlight → Refresh → Execute → Verify → Audit. Failed foundation packages trigger full rollback. Security gate (SanitizeAndExecute) — Allowlist, metacharacter rejection, timeouts. No raw shell execution. 10 built-in profiles — Go dev, Rust dev, Frontend, Data Science, Ethical Hacking, etc. WSL2 setup in ~60 seconds on Windows. Dotfiles + age-encrypted vault + Distrobox containers . Community profile registry . Optional Tauri GUI dashboard. Architecture Nexus is organized in bounded contexts: BRAIN — Cobra CLI + core engine (Go) DNA — YAML profiles with JSON Schema + struct validation + SHA256 integrity BRIDGE — WSL2 handling (cross-compiled) CONTAINER — Distrobox management VAULT — age encryption REGISTRY — Community profiles Every command goes through a strict security gate. State is crash-safe with atomic writes and append-only logs. Quick Start # Install go install github.com/Sumama-Jameel/nexus-engine/cm

I’ve been building a small set of calculator pages for freelancers and small-business owners. The first version was pretty simple: put the formula on a page, add a few inputs, show the result. That works for a demo. It does not always work for a real user. The more I worked on it, the more I realized the hard part is not the math. The hard part is making the page feel trustworthy when someone is using it for a business decision. Here are the changes that mattered most. 1. Explain the assumption close to the input At first I wrote explanations below the calculator. Most people never read them. So now I try to put small notes near the input itself. For example, if a calculator asks for payment processing fees, the user should not have to scroll down to understand whether that means percentage fee, fixed fee, or both. This is boring UI work, but it reduces bad inputs. 2. Show intermediate numbers A single final result can feel like a black box. For business calculators, I’ve found it helps to show a few intermediate numbers: subtotal estimated fees estimated tax net amount break-even number Even if the final number is the same, users trust it more when they can see how the result was built. 3. Avoid pretending the answer is exact Small-business math has a lot of messy edges. Taxes vary. Fees vary. Local rules vary. Some people include owner salary in cost. Some do not. A calculator should not act like it knows every detail. I now prefer wording like: estimated monthly amount or rough break-even point That feels less flashy, but it is more honest. 4. Make the empty state useful A blank calculator page is not very helpful. I started adding realistic default numbers or examples where it makes sense. Not because the default is “correct”, but because it helps the user understand what kind of number belongs in each field. This is especially useful for people who are not spreadsheet-heavy. 5. Keep the result easy to copy A lot of users are not trying to stay on the page. They