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12 Rules for Building AI Agents That Survive Production

I sat the Claude Certified Architect exam expecting questions about model parameters, context limits, and API flags. I got something else. The exam barely tests trivia. It tests judgment: given a broken agent and four plausible fixes, which one actually addresses the root cause? The interesting part was how few ideas the whole thing rests on. The same handful of rules kept deciding the "right" answer, and they are the same rules that decide whether an agent holds up once real users touch it. Below are the twelve I kept running into, plus the four traps that look like solutions and are not. This is my own study material, derived from publicly available exam guidance. It reflects how I build, not an official Anthropic position. The twelve rules Enforce determinism in code, not in prompts If a rule has to fire every single time, it is not a job for a prompt. A prompt is a suggestion the model usually follows. "Usually" is not a guarantee. When you need a guarantee, put it in a hook, a gate, or an allowlist. Code enforces. Prose requests. Pick the cheapest fix that hits the root cause Before you build a subsystem, try the levers that cost minutes: a sharper tool description, an explicit acceptance criterion, a config change. Most "we need to build X" moments dissolve once you test the cheap fix first. Reach for the classifier only after the one-line change fails. Bad tool selection? Start with the descriptions When an agent keeps picking the wrong tool, the description is almost always the culprit, not the model. Tool descriptions are the primary signal the model uses to choose. Rewrite them to say exactly when to use the tool and when not to, before you go anywhere near few-shot examples. Over-engineering is almost always the wrong answer Narrowing scope and improving the prompt beat a new subsystem far more often than engineers expect. Every subsystem you add is one more thing to debug, monitor, and keep in sync. Complexity is a cost you pay forever, not once. A bigge

2026-07-17 原文 →
AI 资讯

WebGPU Explained: The Browser’s New Graphics and Compute Engine

A practical introduction to WebGPU, WGSL, render pipelines, compute shaders, and the future of high-performance graphics on the web. Your browser can stream 4K video, run a complete code editor, render complex 3D scenes, and host multiplayer games. But for years, web developers accessed the GPU through an API based on an older generation of graphics programming. WebGPU changes that contract. WebGPU is not simply a faster version of WebGL. It is a new approach to graphics and parallel computation on the web—one built around explicit pipelines, modern GPU architecture, compute shaders, predictable resource management, and a shader language designed specifically for the browser. This article expands on the progression presented in the uploaded High Performance Graphics: Introduction to WebGPU material: why WebGPU matters, how it differs from WebGL, how WGSL works, how the rendering pipeline is constructed, and how compute shaders extend the GPU beyond graphics. WebGPU is not WebGL 3.0 This is the first mental model to correct. WebGPU does not build on WebGL. WebGL exposes a browser-friendly version of the OpenGL ES programming model. WebGPU instead uses concepts associated with modern GPU APIs and provides a portable abstraction over the graphics capabilities available on the user’s system. WebGPU and WGSL are W3C standards for accessing GPU acceleration from web applications. The API supports both graphics rendering and general-purpose parallel computation. ( W3C ) WebGL │ └── OpenGL ES-style state machine WebGPU │ ├── Explicit pipelines ├── Explicit resource bindings ├── Command encoding ├── Compute shaders └── Modern GPU execution model The difference is architectural, not cosmetic. In WebGL, you frequently change global rendering state and then issue a draw call. In WebGPU, you describe the pipeline and resources more explicitly, record commands, and submit those commands to the GPU. WebGL mental model Change state ↓ Change more state ↓ Bind resources ↓ Draw WebGPU

2026-07-17 原文 →
AI 资讯

Details of Alan Turing’s Voice Encryption System

Really interesting piece of cryptographic history : In November 2023, a large cache of his wartime papers—nicknamed the “Bayley papers”—was auctioned in London for almost half a million U.S. dollars. The previously unknown cache contains many sheets in Turing’s own handwriting, telling of his top-secret “Delilah” engineering project from 1943 to 1945. Delilah was Turing’s portable voice-encryption system, named after the biblical deceiver of men. There is also material written by Bayley, often in the form of notes he took while Turing was speaking. It is thanks to Bayley that the papers survived: He kept them until he died in 2020, 66 years after Turing passed away...

2026-07-17 原文 →
AI 资讯

Ask HN: Any AWS billing issues known? Amazon forecast of 3 billion dollars

I receive an AWS Budgets alert that my budget is exceeding the alert threshold. Threshold is 5$. Forecasted amount is listed as $3,005,575,870.47. (Yepp, right, that’s 3 billion dollars.) I haven't even used AWS actively in the last year, but AWS console lists the amount as stated above. No feedback from AWS support yet, but the support AI chat bot says: "Die perfekt gleichmäßigen Tageskosten seit dem 1. Juli deuten stark auf einen Abrechnungs- oder Messfehler hin." ("The perfectly consistent da

2026-07-17 原文 →