标签：#AR

What are the most valuable skills to learn in the AI era? Not skills like problem solving but more hands on. For someone who likes building stuff submitted by /u/Big_Consequence_5162 [link] [留言]

While some of my recent posts have involved using the Colab extension for VS Code and the Antigravity IDE, I actually prefer working in the terminal and Vim. The new Colab CLI finally lets me work in my natural habitat, and it opens the door for autonomous workflows! Setup Currently, installation is handled via pip or uv. It's straightforward, though, I'm holding out hope for a brew formula in the future: uv tool install google-colab-cli I'm testing Version: 0.6.dev7+g510115b0c inside Ghostty. The Colab CLI is pretty solid, but I do have some feedback and nitpicks I'd like to share (but more on that later). Creating a new session Creating a session is simple: colab new [-s SESSION_NAME] [--gpu T4|L4|A100|H100] [--tpu v5e1|v6e1] : SESSION_NAME : This is optional. If you leave it blank, the CLI generates a random unique ID for you. --gpu and --tpu : The hardware accelerator flags are optional, but omitting them defaults to a standard CPU-only instance. The specific accelerator chips you can request depend on your Colab tier, which you can check via colab pay. NOTE : If you only have one active session, the CLI targets it by default. This makes the -s flag unnecessary for subsequent commands. Testing Colab CLI's capabilities CLI certainly sounds cool, but how does it handle artifacts and images? More importantly, how debuggable is it? I decided to find out by running a Fashion MNIST PyTorch example. Handling artifacts To get started, I installed my requirements using colab install torch torchvision matplotlib . If you prefer a more standard approach, you can also use colab install -r requirements.txt . Once the environment was ready, I executed the training script using colab exec -f ./fashion_mnist_TRAIN.py and here's the output: [ colab] Using unique session '8c860c' . Using CUDA device. Shape of X [ N, C, H, W]: torch.Size ([ 64, 1, 28, 28] ) Shape of y: torch.Size ([ 64] ) torch.int64 NeuralNetwork ( ( flatten ) : Flatten ( start_dim = 1, end_dim = -1 ) ( linear_re

Have you run into work that feels technically possible in principle, but in practice keeps stalling because of how current AI systems behave? Not asking for: bigger context windows better memory lower hallucination more agentic workflows I mean situations where: You are trying to discover something (not retrieve something), and the AI repeatedly pushes toward premature answers, stable interpretations, optimization, categorization, or coherence before the thing itself has had time to emerge. Cases where the failure isn’t output quality. The failure is that the interaction itself changes the trajectory of the work. If yes: What are you trying to build / understand? What exactly happens when it breaks? At what moment do you realize the AI has moved you onto the wrong path? What would need to be different for progress to resume? Trying to understand whether this is an edge case or a recurring limitation pattern. submitted by /u/iknowbutidontknow00 [link] [留言]

I and I imagine a lot of other folks, don't believe the future of work should be a smaller group of executives commanding a larger system of people and machines. We have seen what AI can do not just to software product quality without guardrails, but to the junior and midlevel team members who are laid off or never hired at all in exchange for better profit rates with AI tokens vs human salaries. That is just the old hierarchy with better software. The history of work has always had this tension. You can go back to the start of US history and look at the military, commissioned officers were trained and trusted to command while enlisted service members carried out the work and risk. In the corporate and business world, executives and managers became the people who planned, measured, and optimized, while workers became the people being measured. Those structures were not only about class, but race and in America they were built inside a society already shaped by racism, classism, unequal education, unequal access to capital, and unequal access to leadership. AI now forces us to confront that history again. If we are not careful, AI will not flatten organizations. It will make the hierarchy invisible. Instead of a manager with a clipboard, we will have an algorithm. Instead of a foreman with a stopwatch, we will have dashboards, productivity scores, automated performance reviews, and AI systems that decide who gets opportunity and who gets replaced. That is not progress. The goal should not be to replace people with AI. The goal should be to replace bureaucracy, repetitive work, bad process, and unnecessary gatekeeping. What I am trying to do at Buildly is simple: AI should remove drudgery, not dignity. Automation should increase agency, not surveillance. Productivity gains should be shared, not extracted. Hierarchy should be functional, temporary, and accountable — not a measure of human worth. This is why we talk about AI-native product development differently. An AI

As an independent researcher I've used various LLMs to help me dive deeply into research projects but I've been frustrated by the fact that LLMs start to become unusable after the thread has accumulated 50-80k tokens. I don't know how many other folks here have experienced the same pain point. So, I decided to do something about it. Over the course of this whole year, I built an inference time tool I call Epistemic Lattice Tethering (ELT). So, here is the full framework in GitHub for everyone's review: The README describing ELT, it's various components and the roadmap. The full ELT stack for Claude /ELT%20Model-Specific%20Forks/ELT-H%20v1.0%20(Claude-Optimized)), ChatGPT /ELT%20Model-Specific%20Forks/ELT-H%20v1.0%20(ChatGPT-Optimized)), and Grok /ELT%20Model-Specific%20Forks/ELT-H%20v1.0%20(Grok-Optimized)). Instructions on how to load ELT into an LLM session are here /README). If you're planning to try out ELT PLEASE READ THIS FIRST! Medium article introducing ELT , its methodology, the problems it is aiming to address, and philosophical framework. Discussion page . Your input is valuable! So, what does ELT do and why should you care? Right now ELT is an inference-time scaffolding framework that's best for those who are frustrated with threads that lose coherence too quickly, hallucinate too quickly, are too fragile and sycophantic, and forget what a project's goals are too soon. If that's a big pain point for you, then ELT might help. If these are not big issues for you and the stock version of your LLM is fine, then ELT probably won't be useful for you. The upshot? The epistemic and ontological stability that ELT provides has produced coherent and productive threads extending to: Claude: ~ 325,000 tokens /Extreme%20Thread%20Length/Claude%20Thread%20325k%20tokens-%20Redacted) (advertised limit: 200k) GPT: ~430,000 tokens (advertised limit: 256k) Grok: ~1,150,000 tokens /Extreme%20Thread%20Length/Grok%20Thread%201M%20tokens-%20Redacted) (advertised limit: 1M) The d

submitted by /u/cnn [link] [留言]

A while back, I needed to integrate SMS into a .NET project. Giant SMS had a REST API, but no official .NET client. The only existing library was a PHP one from 6–7 years ago, and it only covered two methods: send and getBalance. So I built my own. It now has nearly 2,000 downloads on NuGet. Here's exactly how I did it. The Problem Wiring up raw HTTP calls to the Giant SMS API in every project gets repetitive fast: Manually setting Authorization headers Remembering which endpoints use token auth vs. username/password Deserializing responses every time Scattering credentials across your codebase I wanted something that felt native to .NET. Configure once in appsettings.json , register with DI, and just call a method. Designing the Public API The first decision was the interface. I wanted consumers to never touch HttpClient directly, and I wanted methods that mapped clearly to what the API actually does: public interface IGiantSmsService { bool IsReady { get ; } Task < SingleSmsResponse > SendSingleMessage ( string to , string msg ); Task < SingleSmsResponse > SendMessageWithToken ( SingleMessageRequest messageRequest ); Task < BaseResponse > SendBulkMessages ( BulkMessageRequest messageRequest ); Task < SingleSmsResponse > CheckMessageStatus ( string messageId ); Task < BaseResponse > GetBalance (); Task < SenderIdResponse > GetSenderIds (); Task < BaseResponse > RegisterSenderId ( RegisterSenderIdRequest senderIdRequest ); } Seven methods, the full surface of the API, no more, no less. The IsReady property is a small but useful addition. It lets consumers do a quick sanity check at startup rather than discovering a missing token on the first SMS send: csharp _isReady = !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_connection.Token) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_connection.Username); Handling Two Auth Methods This was the most interesting design challenge. The Giant SMS API uses two different authentication schemes depending on the endpoint: Token-based (Basic Authorization header) —

A post titled "Learn SQL Once, Use It for 30 Years" hit the front page of r/programming this week (307 points, 48 comments). The claim sounds like the kind of thing a database vendor would put on a billboard, so I went looking for the part that holds up. It turns out the longevity is not marketing. It is a property of how the language was designed, and it is the reason SQL is one of the few skills on a developer's resume that does not quietly expire. I run a site that compares developer tools, which means I spend a lot of time watching technologies rise, peak, and get replaced. Most of what you learn in this field has a half-life measured in single-digit years. The framework you mastered in 2019 is legacy by 2024. SQL is the strange exception, and the reasons are worth understanding before you decide where to spend your next month of learning. Where the staying power comes from SQL did not start as a language. It started as a math paper. In 1970, Edgar Codd published "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks," which proposed organizing data into tables of rows and columns with formal rules for combining them. IBM built a query language on top of that model in the mid-1970s, called it SEQUEL, and later renamed it SQL after a trademark conflict. The important detail is the order: the model came first, the language second. SQL is a surface over a mathematical foundation that has not needed to change. That foundation is why the skill compounds instead of decaying. When you learn SQL, you are not memorizing one vendor's API. You are learning the relational model, and the model is the same whether the data sits in Postgres, MySQL, SQLite, Oracle, or SQL Server. A join is a join everywhere. Move from one database to another and the syntax shifts at the edges, but the way you think about the problem carries over intact. Compare that to a frontend framework, where moving stacks means relearning how to think, not just how to type. Declarative is the whole trick

One thing I've been wondering lately: We often talk about larger context windows as if they're equivalent to better understanding. But in practice those feel like different problems. Access to information keeps improving. Understanding relationships between pieces of information still feels much harder. I notice this most when working with larger software projects. You can give a model access to a huge amount of code, but that doesn't necessarily mean it understands how the system evolved, which components are tightly coupled, or where risk actually lives. Curious whether others think these are fundamentally different problems or if larger context eventually solves both. Been exploring this while working on RepoWise: https://github.com/repowise-dev/repowise submitted by /u/Icy-Roll-4044 [link] [留言]

Most explanations of TPUs and systolic arrays are either hand-wavy diagrams or papers. I wanted to see the thing actually run, so I built it. TinyTPU is a 4×4 weight-stationary systolic array in real SystemVerilog, compiled to WebAssembly, with a step-by-step browser visualization. You enter two matrices, hit run, and watch the actual hardware execute: weights loading into PEs, matrix A streaming in diagonally (the "skew" that makes systolic arrays work), partial sums accumulating down the grid, results draining from the bottom. It has three levels: L1 - isolate a single MAC cell, watch one multiply-accumulate happen L2 - the full 4×4 array executing a real matmul L3 - tiling: what happens when your matrix is bigger than the hardware Nothing on screen is faked. The visualization reads state directly from compiled RTL. If you're trying to understand how matrix multiply maps to hardware why TPUs are efficient, what "weight-stationary" actually means, why the diagonal stagger exists this might click it for you in a way papers don't. Repo: tiny-tpu Live demo: Live If this project interests you please do star the repo, if you find something needs improving open a PR, I hope ya'll check this out and give me some feedback 🙏 submitted by /u/Horror-Flamingo-2150 [link] [留言]

submitted by /u/ComicSandsNews [link] [留言]

I ran a small experiment on myself and the result broke my mental model of how AI "knows" things, so I'm sharing it. The setup: on May 11 I created a brand-new pseudonymous fantasy author entity ("Marin T. Kael") with no prior web footprint and no published book yet. Then I asked 5 web-connected AI systems the same 16 questions, every day, for 23 days, and scored every answer (+1 correct/source-grounded, 0 not found, -1 hallucinated). About 16,000 scored datapoints. The whole thing was pre-registered before I started, n=1, and I logged the failures publicly. It's a measurement, not a success story. Here's the part that messed with my head. An AI cited the entity correctly on day 6. Google had a Knowledge Graph entry by day 4. And for 22 of those 23 days, the website's firewall was returning HTTP 403 to every single AI crawler. I didn't set that block on purpose — Cloudflare now silently opts new domains out of AI crawling by default. So the AIs never read the site. They got the entity anyway, by stitching it together from the Knowledge Graph (Wikidata) and third-party mentions at the moment you ask. The "front door" was bolted shut the entire time and it didn't matter. (Honest caveat: because the crawlers were blocked, I can't tell you anything about llms.txt or on-site optimization.) Other surprises: it's not a "smarter model = better" story, it's a retrieval story. OpenAI's newest web model hit 4.7 correct per 1 hallucinated; Gemini went net-negative — and grounded on the entity ONLY via Reddit (17/17), while OpenAI hit the entity's own domain 119x. Going viral did nothing: a 23x Reddit-karma jump produced zero citation lift. Structured identity (Wikidata, site, DOIs) moved the needle; reach didn't. And the controls caught the models fabricating a "Wikipedia" source 24 times for an entity with no Wikipedia page. n=1 with me as investigator and subject is the obvious limit — which is why it's pre-registered with a public failure log. Everything's open: Report + dat

I’ve been noticing a clear split lately. The big mainstream models are getting more and more restricted with heavy safety rules, while at the same time more people are switching to local or less restricted models because they actually let you explore ideas freely. It feels like we’re heading toward two different types of AI: one that’s heavily controlled and "safe", and another that’s more open and unrestricted. Both seem to be growing at the same time. Do you think this divide will continue, or will one side eventually become dominant? submitted by /u/NoFilterGPT [link] [留言]

The reactor, from a startup called Antares, isn't ready to generate power yet.

It's pretty annoying that Codex uses agents.md and Claude Code uses Claude.md. There should be some industry standards to this stuff? submitted by /u/Complete-Sea6655 [link] [留言]

I’ve been thinking about a problem in current agent systems: Most agents are becoming very good at execution, but the decision layer before execution is still unclear. Coding agents, research agents, tool loops, sandboxes, workflows, and harnesses are all improving quickly. Once a human gives an intent, agents can often do a lot of useful work. But the higher-level question is still usually left to the user: What should happen next, and why? I’ve been exploring this idea through an open-source project called Spice. The simplest way to describe it is: Spice is a decision layer above agents. It is not trying to replace execution agents. Tools like Claude Code, Codex, Hermes, or other agents can still do the actual work. Instead, Spice sits before execution and tries to make the decision process explicit: what was observed what options were considered why one option was selected what trade-offs were rejected whether execution needs approval what happened afterward how that outcome should affect the next decision The current runtime is still early, but it can already be installed, configured with an LLM provider, run in the terminal, inspect Decision Cards, and hand off approved execution to external agents. The goal is to make agent behavior less of a black box. Instead of only seeing the final result of an agent task, I want to preserve the reasoning boundary before execution: what the system believed, what it chose, why it chose it, and what changed after the action. GitHub: https://github.com/Dyalwayshappy/Spice I’d love feedback from people building agents. Feel free to fork, star the repo, or share any feedback and ideas. Would love to build this together with the community. submitted by /u/Alarming_Rou_3841 [link] [留言]

SpaceX won’t get easy access to billions of dollars from passive investors.

A practical reflection on why coding agents lose the thread between sessions, and why the repository itself is the right place to preserve it. I used to think the problem was memory. That was the obvious diagnosis. Every new coding-agent session started with the same ritual. Open the repository. Read the README. Inspect the project structure. Search for the files that looked important. Reconstruct the task. Guess which commands mattered. Ask again what had already been tried. Then do the actual work. Sometimes. Because a lot of the work was not work. It was orientation. A coding agent can have a large context window and still lose the operational thread. It can have chat history and still fail to know what happened in the last run. It can retrieve semantically similar notes from a vector store and still miss the one fact that mattered: this command already failed. the previous session stopped here. this file looked relevant, but it was a dead end. the validation was not actually run. One day I stopped thinking about the problem as "agent memory". That word was too broad. Too attractive. Too dangerous. Because once you say memory, the temptation is to build a bigger one. A bigger context window. A bigger note store. A bigger vector database. A bigger archive of everything the agent has ever seen, said, touched, generated, or vaguely implied. That sounds powerful, but it is also how you build a very expensive junk drawer. Context is not continuity Context is what the agent has available now. Continuity is what lets the next execution continue from what actually happened before. Those are not the same thing. Long context helps while a session is alive. It gives the model more text to work with. More files. More prior messages. More implementation details. More room. Although it is really useful it does not automatically produce continuity. When the session ends, gets compacted, moves to another tool, switches from one coding agent to another, or simply starts tomorrow

This is part 3 of the Adaptive Model Routing series. Part 1 built an LLM categorizer with Groq — 8 categories, 3 tiers. Part 2 added k-NN embedding lookup in shadow mode, discovered 83% tier accuracy, and found 61% cost savings on paper. This post covers what happened next. When Phase 2 ended, I had a working embedding pool in shadow mode inside crab-bot. The category accuracy was sitting at 78.6%. Not bad — but the breakdown hid something worth looking at. Phase 3: When Validation Tells You a Category Doesn't Need to Exist The leave-one-out accuracy by category told the real story: Category Accuracy Tier casual 94% cheap simple_lookup 91% cheap creative 88% medium coding 92% strong reasoning 89% strong analysis 59% medium research_lookup 61% medium Two categories were basically a coin flip. And they were confusing each other — almost all of analysis's misses landed on research_lookup and vice versa. The obvious move would be to try fixing the categorizer prompt, tuning the LLM, or gathering more labeled data. I was about to go down that road when I noticed the column next to the accuracy: both categories mapped to the same tier . Medium. That changed everything. The question stopped being "why can't the model tell these apart?" and became: "what routing decision are we actually getting wrong?" The answer was zero. A misclassification between analysis and research_lookup produces no routing error. The routing outcome is identical either way. The confusion wasn't a model failure — it was a signal from the embedding space that the boundary between these two categories was artificial. If k-NN can't draw a line between them in 384 dimensions with 1,300 examples, maybe the line doesn't belong there. Decision: merge research_lookup into analysis. -- Re-label 243 rows where category was 'research_lookup' UPDATE routing_log SET category = 'analysis' WHERE category = 'research_lookup' ; The embeddings didn't change. The vectors were already correct — only the label stored al

Google shipped Gemma 4 12B this week — a model that packs near-26B performance into something that runs on a consumer laptop with 16GB of RAM or unified memory. That alone would be notable. But the more significant move is the architecture: no multimodal encoders at all. Vision and audio go straight into the LLM backbone. "Gemma 4 12B packages powerful capabilities inside a reduced memory footprint. It is also our first mid-sized model to feature native audio inputs." — Google DeepMind What actually changed Encoder-free multimodal : Traditional multimodal models pipe images and audio through separate encoder networks before the LLM ever sees them. Gemma 4 12B removes those entirely. Vision gets a lightweight embedding module (a single matrix multiplication + positional embedding). Audio skips encoding altogether — the raw signal is projected directly into the same token space as text. Near-26B benchmark performance at half the footprint : On standard benchmarks it runs neck-and-neck with Gemma 4 26B, and actually surpasses it on DocVQA (document visual question answering). A new slot in the lineup : April's Gemma 4 release had E2B/E4B for mobile/IoT, and 26B/31B for heavier compute. The 12B fills the gap — more capable than edge models, runnable without a GPU server. Drafter-ready : Ships with Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) drafters to reduce inference latency. Apache 2.0 : Open weights, available now on Hugging Face, Kaggle, Ollama, and LM Studio. Why the architecture matters Encoder-free isn't just an efficiency hack — it's a different architectural bet. Separate encoders add latency, memory overhead, and a seam in the stack that limits how tightly vision and language reasoning can be integrated. Removing them means the LLM backbone handles the full chain from pixels and audio waveforms to text output, which allows for tighter cross-modal understanding rather than bolted-on modalities. Whether that bet pays off at scale is still an open question. But for local deplo